MilkweedUSA

Native rare or protected·Monarch value ·Garden ·Nectar

Prostrate Milkweed

Asclepias prostrata W.H. Blackwell

A federally endangered milkweed known from a few sites in the south Texas brush country, growing completely flat against gravelly ground with small greenish-white flowers. It was listed under the Endangered Species Act in 2023.

Prostrate Milkweed (Asclepias prostrata). Asclepias prostrata in habitat
Sam Kieschnick · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Height
2 in–6 in
Spread
8 in–1.7 ft
Flowers
green, white
Bloom
March to September
Light
Full sun
Soil moisture
Dry
USDA zones
8–10
Leaves
Opposite, narrow
Sap
Milky latex
Roots
Deep taproot, resents transplanting
Stratification
30 days cold-moist
Range
1 state

When it flowers

Prostrate Milkweed blooms March to September, peaking in April and May.

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How to identify it

  • Entirely prostrate, with stems lying flat on bare gravelly soil.
  • Small narrow opposite leaves and tiny greenish-white flowers.
  • Known only from Starr and Zapata counties in south Texas and adjacent Mexico.
Diagram of Prostrate Milkweed showing opposite narrow leaves and green flower clusters
Diagnostic plate Drawn from this species' own characters: opposite leaves, narrow in shape, sprawling, with green to white umbels. Sap is milky.

Ecology and wildlife value

Threatened by brush clearing, energy development and border infrastructure. Most surviving populations are tiny.

Growing prostrate milkweed

Federally endangered. Collection is prohibited; report sightings to Texas Parks and Wildlife.

Seed needs about 30 days of cold-moist stratification. Deep taproot, resents transplanting. See how to plant milkweed seed for the full method.

Cautions

Listed as Endangered under the US Endangered Species Act. More on milkweed toxicity.

Where prostrate milkweed grows

Recorded in 1 state: Texas.

Distribution is generalized to state level. For county-level maps see USDA PLANTS and BONAP.

References and further reading

Names, ranges and conservation status here are drawn from the databases below. Where those disagree with a regional flora, trust the flora.

  1. Plants of the World Online 21269-2. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Accepted name, authorship and global distribution.
  2. GBIF 3170330. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Aggregated occurrence records.
  3. iNaturalist 158755. Community observations, photographs and phenology.
  4. Wikipedia. General-audience article on this species.
  5. BONAP county distribution map. Biota of North America Program. County-level range map.
  6. NatureServe Explorer. Conservation status ranks at global and state level.
  7. World Flora Online. Nomenclature and synonymy.
  8. Woodson, R. E. (1954). The North American species of Asclepias L.. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 41(1): 1–211. The monograph the modern taxonomy of the genus still rests on. View
  9. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds.) (2026). Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford. Accepted names, keys and descriptions for the North American flora. View
  10. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2026). Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Nomenclature and global distribution, keyed to IPNI name identifiers. View
  11. Kartesz, J. T. (Biota of North America Program) (2026). North American Plant Atlas. BONAP, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. County-level distribution maps, the basis for the ranges generalized here. View
  12. USDA, NRCS (2026). The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, North Carolina. State-level distribution, wetland status and nomenclature. View
  13. Agrawal, A. A. (2017). Monarchs and Milkweed: A Migrating Butterfly, a Poisonous Plant, and Their Remarkable Story of Coevolution. Princeton University Press. The standard general account of the milkweed and monarch relationship. View

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APA Milkweed USA. (2026). Prostrate Milkweed (Asclepias prostrata). Retrieved DATE, from https://milkweedusa.com/species/prostrate-milkweed/
MLA "Prostrate Milkweed (Asclepias prostrata)." Milkweed USA, 2026, https://milkweedusa.com/species/prostrate-milkweed/. Accessed DATE.
Chicago Milkweed USA. "Prostrate Milkweed (Asclepias prostrata)." Last modified 2026-08-01. Accessed DATE. https://milkweedusa.com/species/prostrate-milkweed/.
BibTeX @misc{milkweedusa_speciesprostratemilkweed, title = {Prostrate Milkweed (Asclepias prostrata)}, author = {{Milkweed USA}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://milkweedusa.com/species/prostrate-milkweed/}, note = {Accessed DATE} }