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Red Milkweed

Asclepias rubra L.

A rare bog and seepage-slope milkweed with dusky rose-red flowers and stiff, sharply pointed leaves, scattered thinly down the Atlantic coastal plain and listed as endangered in most northern states where it survives.

Also called Bog Milkweed.

Red Milkweed (Asclepias rubra). Asclepias rubra (below) & cf. purpurascens (9341535131)
peganum from Henfield, England · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Height
2 ft–4 ft
Spread
1 ft–1.7 ft
Flowers
red, pink
Bloom
June to July
Light
Full sun, Part shade
Soil moisture
Wet
USDA zones
6–9
Leaves
Opposite, lanceolate
Sap
Milky latex
Roots
Fibrous, clump-forming and easy to move
Stratification
30 days cold-moist
Range
18 states

When it flowers

Red Milkweed blooms June to July, peaking in June and July.

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How to identify it

  • Flowers dull red to rose, in one or a few upright clusters.
  • Leaves lance-shaped with a long tapering point and rounded base, held stiffly.
  • Acid bogs, seepage slopes and pitcher plant savannas.
Diagram of Red Milkweed showing opposite lanceolate leaves and red flower clusters
Diagnostic plate Drawn from this species' own characters: opposite leaves, lanceolate in shape, a single upright stem, with red to pink umbels. Sap is milky.

Ecology and wildlife value

Highly habitat-restricted; declining wherever coastal plain wetlands are drained.

Growing red milkweed

Difficult, needing acidic, permanently moist, low-nutrient conditions.

Seed needs about 30 days of cold-moist stratification. Fibrous, clump-forming and easy to move. See how to plant milkweed seed for the full method.

Cautions

Rare and legally protected in several states. Never collect from the wild. More on milkweed toxicity.

Where red milkweed grows

Recorded in 18 states: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia.

Distribution is generalized to state level. For county-level maps see USDA PLANTS and BONAP.

References and further reading

Names, ranges and conservation status here are drawn from the databases below. Where those disagree with a regional flora, trust the flora.

  1. Plants of the World Online 94615-1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Accepted name, authorship and global distribution.
  2. GBIF 3170334. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Aggregated occurrence records.
  3. iNaturalist 143553. Community observations, photographs and phenology.
  4. Wikipedia. General-audience article on this species.
  5. BONAP county distribution map. Biota of North America Program. County-level range map.
  6. NatureServe Explorer. Conservation status ranks at global and state level.
  7. World Flora Online. Nomenclature and synonymy.
  8. Woodson, R. E. (1954). The North American species of Asclepias L.. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 41(1): 1–211. The monograph the modern taxonomy of the genus still rests on. View
  9. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (eds.) (2026). Flora of North America North of Mexico. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford. Accepted names, keys and descriptions for the North American flora. View
  10. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2026). Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Nomenclature and global distribution, keyed to IPNI name identifiers. View
  11. Kartesz, J. T. (Biota of North America Program) (2026). North American Plant Atlas. BONAP, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. County-level distribution maps, the basis for the ranges generalized here. View
  12. USDA, NRCS (2026). The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, North Carolina. State-level distribution, wetland status and nomenclature. View
  13. Agrawal, A. A. (2017). Monarchs and Milkweed: A Migrating Butterfly, a Poisonous Plant, and Their Remarkable Story of Coevolution. Princeton University Press. The standard general account of the milkweed and monarch relationship. View

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APA Milkweed USA. (2026). Red Milkweed (Asclepias rubra). Retrieved DATE, from https://milkweedusa.com/species/red-milkweed/
MLA "Red Milkweed (Asclepias rubra)." Milkweed USA, 2026, https://milkweedusa.com/species/red-milkweed/. Accessed DATE.
Chicago Milkweed USA. "Red Milkweed (Asclepias rubra)." Last modified 2026-08-01. Accessed DATE. https://milkweedusa.com/species/red-milkweed/.
BibTeX @misc{milkweedusa_speciesredmilkweed, title = {Red Milkweed (Asclepias rubra)}, author = {{Milkweed USA}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://milkweedusa.com/species/red-milkweed/}, note = {Accessed DATE} }